Gravimetry – Quantitative analysis of sample composition
Accurately measure component content using gravimetry
Gravimetry is a standard analytical method used to determine the quantity of an analyte in a sample by measuring its mass after separation. This technique is widely used in the food, environmental, materials, and other industries due to its robustness and accuracy .
Based on reliable physical and chemical principles, gravimetry provides precise quantitative results, essential for quality control, regulatory compliance and the development of new products.
How does gravimetry work?
Gravimetric analysis is based on a multi-step process to isolate and weigh the analyte of interest. Depending on the nature of the compound to be analyzed, several approaches are possible:
- Sample preparation – Separation or dissolution of the analyte in a suitable solvent.
- Formation of a precipitate (if applicable) – The analyte is transformed into an insoluble form by the addition of a specific reagent.
- Filtration and drying – The precipitate is collected by filtration, then dried at a controlled temperature.
- Calcination and Weighing – Some analytes require high temperature calcination to remove organic matter and obtain a stable mineral residue.
- Concentration calculation – The resulting mass is used to determine the concentration of the analyte in the original sample.
This method is often coupled with other analytical techniques such as spectrometry for more in-depth characterization.
Technical characteristics of gravimetry
Gravimetry make it a reference method for quantitative analysis:
- High precision : results expressed with minimal uncertainty.
- Wide range of applications : applicable to solids, liquids and gases transformed into precipitates.
- Main techniques :
- Precipitation gravimetry – Transformation of the analyte into a stable precipitate and then weighing.
- Volatilization gravimetry – Evaporation of a component and measurement of the mass lost.
- Combustion gravimetry – Calcination of a sample to quantify inorganic residues.
- Detection limit : very low, depending on the type of analyte.
- Associated standards : standardized methods (ISO, ASTM) according to the sector of application.
For which matrices is gravimetry suitable?
Gravimetry of samples requiring precise quantitative analysis:
Industrial applications of gravimetry
Gravimetric analysis is used in many industrial sectors to meet quality and compliance requirements:
Léa Géréec
Technical and scientific advisor
