Study of the biodegradation of materials
Description
Biodegradation is a key parameter in the environmental assessment of materials. It refers to the ability of an organic material to decompose under the action of microorganisms in natural or simulated environments. Biodegradability analysis helps measure a product's environmental impact and potential end-of-life, and helps guide eco-design choices.
Objective of the analysis
This test aims to characterize the degradation of organic materials (bio-sourced or not) exposed to specific conditions in the laboratory, with the aim of:
- Evaluate the degradation kinetics in a given environment (compost, soil, fresh water, sea water)
- Compare different materials or formulations
- Check compliance with environmental standards or benchmarks
- Justify the claim of biodegradability or compostability
Methodology
Depending on the objectives and the nature of the material, several protocols can be implemented, often inspired by OECD, ISO or ASTM guidelines:
- Industrial compost test (ISO 14855, ISO 17088) : simulation of degradation in compost at 58°C
- Natural soil test (ISO 17556) : study at room temperature in the presence of soil microorganisms
- Freshwater or seawater test (ISO 14851, ISO 18830) : evaluation in aqueous environments
- Measurement of mass loss, CO₂ release (mineralization), or structural modifications (IRTF, SEM, etc.)
Tests can last from a few weeks to several months, depending on the standard chosen. The percentage of biodegradation is generally calculated from the CO₂ production compared to a reference material.
Affected matrices
- Bio-sourced or compostable plastics
- Films, packaging, bags, coatings
- Cellulosic or synthetic textiles
- Products of natural origin (starch, PLA, PHAs, etc.)
- Biodegradable composite materials
Industrial applications
- Eco-design and validation of environmental claims
- Development of alternative solutions to conventional plastics
- Environmental labeling (compostable, biodegradable, marine-safe)
- REACH Declaration, Single-Use Plastics (SUP) Regulation
Why go through YesWeLab?
YesWeLab connects you with laboratories that specialize in biodegradation testing, with dedicated equipment (reactors, climate chambers, CO₂ analyzers) and standardized protocols. We help you select the most appropriate conditions for your product and regulatory objectives.
